Ugens quiz om ti truede danske ord

(English below)

På denne plakat kan i se ti danske ord der er truet i deres eksistens. De er ved at forsvinde.

Hvad betyder (betød?) ordene? Der trækkes lod blandt dem der kender de fleste (eller finder svarene på en anden måde).

Send dit svar senest mandag den 4. December 2023, kl. 8.30 til quiz@lingoblog.dk. Og vind en eller flere flotte præmier! Især bøger om sprog og lingvistik! Eller dvd’er. Eller T-shirts. Du kan vælge emnet!

This week’s quiz on ten endangered Danish words

On this poster you can see ten Danish words that are threatened in their existence. They are disappearing.

What do the words mean (did?) mean? Lots are drawn among those who know the most (or find the answers in another way).

Send your answer no later than December 4, 2023, at 8.30 A.M. (Denmark time) to quiz@lingoblog.dk. And win one or more great prizes! Especially books on language and linguistics. 

Sidste uges quiz om et digt på en væg (og flere oplysninger om døveundervisning)

Der kom mange svar, og alle var korrekte med hensyn til svaret: digtet er på arabisk. Skriften er arabisk, men der er selvfølgelig mange andre sprog der skrives, eller skrev, med det samme skrift, fx Urdu, Tajik, Farsi, Hausa, tidligere også tyrkisk, etc. Digteren er fra Syrien, så sproget er vel påvirket af den lokale variant af arabisk.

Digten er fotograferet i Leiden, Nederlandene, og ikke i Barcelona, selvom der er katalanske farver. Her har man et mere holistisk billede, taget mens de var i gang med at male eller restaurere dem.

Vinderen denne uge er Andreas Højlund, der også oplyste os om døveundervisning (se længere ned).

Vi videregiver flere svar, da de giver ekstra oplysninger og/eller særligt velformulerede svar.

Søren L. skrev:

Der er tale om byen Leiden, hvor jeg ved, at der findes de såkaldte ”Muurgedichten”. Kunstneren her hedder ”Adonis” (Det er hans kunstner-navn), og digtet er sikkert skrevet på arabisk. Jeg ved meget lidt om syrisk: Måske er det en dialekt/regiolekt af arabisk? Så ”arabisk” vil være mit bedste bud

Birgitte J. skrev:

Mit svar på ugens spørgsmål er, at digtet med titlen Tab er på arabisk og skrevet af den syriske digter Adonis (Ali Ahmad Saïd Esber (*1930)).

Besvarelsen kan ikke på nogen måde begrundes i sprogkundskaber, men hviler udelukkende på min viden om, at Leiden i Nederlandene er blevet et mekka for både alskens fagfolk og almindeligt passionerede med interesse for kunst i det offentlige rum. Det begavede koncept er ganske enkelt murmalerier med digte på originalsprog af kendte forfattere gennem tiderne. Byens universitet underviser vist også nærmest i alverdens tungemål, mens gaderne i hvert fald i sommertiden summer hyggeligt af multikulturel trængsel og alarm.

www.muurgedichten.nl er en forbilledlig indgang til projektet og de enkelte værker, så jeg fandt ret hurtigt svaret – ved at sjusse skriftbilledet til at være “mellemøstagtigt”: https://muurgedichten.nl/en/muurgedicht/loss 

Endnu en skattejagt! 

Andreas Højund skrev:

Digtet er skrevet på arabisk. Og det hænger på en væg på gaden Papengracht i Leiden. 

Digtet hedder الضياع (Loss ~ Tab) og er skrevet af Adonis (pseud. Ali Ahmad Said Esber) fra Syrien. 

Digtet er en del af Muurgedicthen Leiden (the Leiden wall poems), og der er i hvert fald 114 digte på murene rundt om i Leiden (muligvis yderligere “a dozen or so” som TEGEN-BEELD Foundation ikke selv har sat op). Nogle få af de over hundrede vægdigte er desværre gået til pga. regn eller nedrivninger.

Digtet lyder i sin fulde længde

الضياع
الضياعُ الضياعْ…
الضياعُ يخلِّصنا ويقود خُطانا
والضياعْ…
ألقٌ وسِواه القِناعْ.
والضياعُ يوحدنا بسِوانا
والضياعُ يُعَلّق وجه البِحارْ
برؤانا
والضياعُ انتظارْ

Transliterated (â=long vowel; ‘=voiced pharyngeal fricative; ’=glottal stop):

Ad-dayâ´u d-dayâ´
Ad-dayâ´u yukhallisunâ wa-yaqûdu khutânâ
Wa-d-dayâ´
‘alaqun wa-siwâhu l-qinâ´
Wa-d-dayâ´u
yuwahhidunâ bi-siwânâ
Wa-d-dayâ´u yu´alliqu wajha l-bihâr
bi-ru’ânâ
Wa-d-dayâ´u ntizâr

Og i Adonis’ egen engelske oversættelse:

Loss, loss.
Loss saves us. It guides our footsteps.
And loss is a radiance.
All else a mask.

Loss unifies us with something other than us.
and loss fastens the face of the sea
to our dreaming.

And loss is just waiting.

Translation: Adonis.

MERE OM RODOLPHUS AGRICOLA OG BEGYNDELSE AF DØVEUNDERVISNING

Andreas Højlund undersøgte også om han kunne finde den relevant citat at en friser med den latiniserede navn Rodolphus Agricola underviste et døvt barn mens han var i Italien. Han har fundet beviset! Vi citerer her.

Der er da ik noget som en lille skattejagt på quizzens foranledning…

Rodolphus Agricola omtaler det døve barn næsten allersidst i bog 3 af “De inventione dialectica”.

Der findes en tysk oversættelse af alle tre bøger (af Lothar Mundt i 1992), og den er frit tilgængelig som pdf via statsbib (aka kongebib):

https://www-degruyter-com.ez.statsbiblioteket.dk/document/doi/10.1515/9783110942569/html

Den relevante (originale) passus på latin:

“Ingens enim, immensa, incredibilis est vis mentis humanae, et cui nihil propemodum difficile sit, nisi quod non vult. Qua in re ut miracula transeam, quae vidi, surdum à primis vitae annis, et (quod consequens est) mutum, didicisse tamen, ut quaecunque scriberet aliquis, intelligeret, et ipse quoque tanquàm loqui sciret, omnia mentis suae cogitata perscribere posset”

Og her den tyske oversættelse:

“Ungeheuer nämlich, unermeßlich, unglaublich ist die Kraft des menschlichen Geistes: nahezu nichts ist schwierig für ihn, wenn er es nur will. Um hier Wunderdinge, die ich erlebt habe, außer acht zu lassen – daß einer, der von Kindesbeinen an taub und infolgedessen auch stumm war, trotzdem gelernt hatte, alles, was irgend jemand aufgeschrieben hatte, zu verstehen, und auch selbst, so als verstünde er zu sprechen, alles in seinem Geist Gedachte niederzuschreiben vermochte”

Og google translate kan jo snildt oversætte sådan en lille passus på latin:

“For the power of the human mind is enormous, immense, and incredible, and for whom almost nothing is difficult, except what it does not want. In this matter, in order to pass over the miracles which I saw, he was deaf from the first years of his life, and (as a result) mute, yet he learned that whatever a man wrote, he understood, and he also knew how to speak, and could write down all the thoughts of his mind”

Og ovenstående er dateret til ca. 1480 (Agricola døde i 1485)… dog først publiceret i 1539 af Alardus i Amsterdam.

Tusind tak, Andreas, fornemt, og et stort fremskridt i historiografi af undervisning af døve.

Last week’s quiz about a poem on a wall (and more information about deaf education)

Last week we asked our followers to identify the language of a poem on a wall.

There were many answers, and all were correct about the language of the poem: the poem is in Arabic. The script is Arabic, but there are of course many other languages that are written, or were written, with the same script, e.g. Urdu, Tajik, Farsi, Hausa, formerly also Turkish, etc. The poet is from Syria, so the language is probably influenced by the local variant of Arabic.

The poem was photographed in Leiden, the Netherlands, and not in Barcelona, although there are Catalan colors. In the Danish text, you can see a more holistic picture, taken while they were painting or restoring the poem.

The winner this week is Andreas Højlund, who also solved the enigma about the beginnings of deaf education (see further down).

We pass on more answers as they provide extra information and/or particularly well-worded answers.

Søren L. wrote:

We are talking about the city of Leiden, where I know that there are the so-called “Muurgedichten”. The artist here is called “Adonis” (that’s his artist name), and the poem is probably written in Arabic. I know very little about Syrian: Maybe it’s a dialect/regiolect of Arabic? So “Arabic” would be my best bet.

Birgitte J. wrote:

My answer to this week’s question is that the poem titled Loss is in Arabic and written by the Syrian poet Adonis (Ali Ahmad Saïd Esber (*1930)).

The answer cannot in any way be based on language skills, but rests solely on my knowledge that Leiden in the Netherlands has become a mecca for both all kinds of professionals and general enthusiasts with an interest in art in the public space. The gifted concept is simply murals with poems in the original language by well-known authors throughout the ages. The city’s university probably also teaches almost all the world’s languages, while the streets, at least in the summertime, buzz pleasantly with multicultural crowds and alarm.

www.muurgedichten.nl is an exemplary entry to the project and the individual works, so I found the answer quite quickly – by messing up the typeface to be “Middle Eastern”: https://muurgedichten.nl/en/muurgedicht/loss

Andreas H. wrote:

Another treasure hunt!

The poem is written in Arabic. And it hangs on a wall on the street Papengracht in Leiden.

The poem is called الضياع (Loss ) and was written by Adonis (pseud. Ali Ahmad Said Esber) from Syria.

The poem is part of Muurgedicthen Leiden (the Leiden wall poems), and there are at least 114 poems on the walls around Leiden (possibly “a dozen or so” more that the TEGEN-BEELD Foundation has not put up themselves). A few of the over a hundred wall poems have unfortunately been lost due to rain or demolitions.

The poem reads in its entirety

الضياع

الضياعُ الضياعْ…

الضياعُ يخلِّصنا ويقود خُطانا

والضياعْ…

القٌ وسِواه القِناعْ.

والضياعُ يوحدنا بسِوانا

والضياعُ يُعَلّق وجه الِحارْ

بروانا

And wait

Transliterated (â=long vowel; ‘=voiced pharyngeal fricative; ’=glottal stop):

Ad-dayâ´u d-dayâ´

Ad-dayâ´u yukhallisunâ wa-yaqûdu khutânâ

Wa-d-dayâ´

‘alaqun wa-siwâhu l-qinâ’

Wa-d-dayâ´u

yuwahhidunâ bi-siwânâ

Wa-d-dayâ´u yu´alliqu wajha l-bihâr

bi-ru’ânâ

Wa-d-dayâ´u ntizâr

And in Adonis’ own English translation:

Lose, lose.

Loss saves us. It guides our footsteps.

And loss is a radiance.

All else a mask.

Loss unifies us with something other than us.

and loss fastens the face of the sea

to our dreaming.

And loss is just waiting.

Translation: Adonis.

MORE ABOUT RODOLPHUS AGRICOLA AND THE BEGINNING OF EDUCATION FOR THE DEAF

Last week we wrote about the quiz of the week before about the possibility that a deaf child had received schooling in Italy in the 15^th century. Birgitte J. expressed her gratitude, and Andreas H. solved the enigma.

AND many thanks for the wiki link on Rodolphus Agricola and sign language. So it was probably Italy after all :-)

Andreas Højlund also investigated whether he could find the relevant quote that a Frisian with the Latinized name Rodolphus Agricola taught a deaf child while he was in Italy. He has found the proof! We quote here.

There is nothing like a little treasure hunt on the occasion of the quiz…

Rodolphus Agricola mentions the deaf child almost at the very end in book 3 of “De inventione dialectica”.

There is a German translation of all three books (by Lothar Mundt in 1992) and it is freely available as a pdf via the state bib (aka kongebib):

https://www-degruyter-com.ez.statsbiblioteket.dk/document/doi/10.1515/9783110942569/html

The relevant (original) passage in Latin:

“Ingens enim, immensa, incredibilis est vis mentis humanae, et cui nihil propemodum difficile sit, nisi quod non vult. Qua in re ut miracula transeam, quae vidi, surdum à primis vitae annis, et (quod consequens est) mutum, didicisse tamen , ut quaecunque scriberet aliquis, intelligeret, et ipse quoque tanquàm loqui sciret, omnia mentis suae cogitata perscribere posset”

And here is the German translation:

“Ungeheuer nämlich, unermeßlich, unglaublich ist die Kraft des menschlichen Geistes: nahezu nichts ist schwierig für ihn, wenn er es nur will. Um hier Wunderdinge, die ich erlebt habe, außer acht zu lassen – daß einer, der von Kindesbeinen an taub und infolgedessen auch stumm war, trotzdem gelernt hatte, alles, was irgend jemand aufgeschrieben hatte, zu verstehen, und auch selbst, so als verstünde er zu sprechen, alles in seinem Geist Gedachte niederzuschreiben vermochte”

And Google translate can easily translate such a small passage in Latin:

“For the power of the human mind is enormous, immense, and incredible, and for whom almost nothing is difficult, except what it does not want. In this matter, in order to pass over the miracles which I saw, he was deaf from the first years of his life, and (as a result) mute, yet he learned that whatever a man wrote, he understood, and he also knew how to speak, and could write down all the thoughts of his mind”

And the above is dated to approx. 1480 (Agricola died in 1485)… however first published in 1539 by Alardus in Amsterdam.

Thank you very much, Andreas, cool, and a great advance in the historiography of teaching the Deaf.

Recent winners/Vindere for nyligt

Sarah

ST.

VKA (Jylland)

BJ (Sjælland) Oxford English Picture Dictionary

C (Jylland) Stednavneændringer og Funktionalitet

MV (Aarhus)  Representing timein natural language (Ter Meulen)

VK (Aarhus)

MB (Hellerup) A historical grammar of Japanese & Van Riemsdijk & Williams “Introduction to the theory of grammar”

SKL 4x (Aarhus)